Why is it important to monitor planktonic algae in water bodies?

Monitoring planktonic algae in water bodies is crucial because these organisms serve as indicators of the ecological health of aquatic systems. Algal blooms, which can result from nutrient over-enrichment (eutrophication), often signal changes in water quality, particularly increases in pollution levels such as nitrogen and phosphorus. By observing the presence and concentration of these algae, environmental scientists and water quality managers can assess the health of the aquatic ecosystem and identify potential water quality issues that may affect both wildlife and human populations.

The growth of planktonic algae influences oxygen levels and can affect all levels of the food web, and elevated algae levels can lead to harmful algal blooms (HABs) that produce toxins harmful to aquatic life and humans. Therefore, consistent monitoring of planktonic algae is a vital component of managing water bodies and ensuring their sustainability.