What is the process of percolation?

Percolation refers specifically to the movement of water through the soil layers, primarily as it flows downwards through the soil profile. This process allows water, along with dissolved nutrients and materials, to infiltrate the ground, making them accessible for both plants and microorganisms. Percolation plays a crucial role in the hydrological cycle, aiding in groundwater recharge and affecting soil moisture levels.

Understanding this process is essential, particularly in aquatic applications, as it influences water quality and the distribution of nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. The movement of dissolved substances during percolation can affect the health of the water body, the organisms within it, and the overall ecosystem dynamics. Therefore, recognizing that it involves both water and dissolved materials flowing down through soil highlights its significance in both soil science and environmental management.