What is a saprophyte?

A saprophyte is characterized by its ability to obtain nutrients from decaying organic matter, making it an essential part of nutrient cycling in ecosystems. These organisms, which can include fungi and bacteria, play a crucial role in breaking down dead material, thereby recycling nutrients back into the soil and making them available for uptake by other plants. This process not only supports the overall health of the ecosystem but also promotes the growth of new vegetation by enriching the soil.

Other options describe different types of organisms or ecological roles. For instance, the first choice refers to organisms that obtain nutrients from living plants, which are more aligned with parasites or herbivores. The third choice hints at symbiosis, which involves mutualistic relationships, typically not characteristic of saprophytes. Lastly, the fourth option describes producers, such as plants that perform photosynthesis, and does not relate to how saprophytes obtain their nutrients. Thus, the definition of a saprophyte accurately aligns with option B.