What does asexual reproduction in plants involve?

Asexual reproduction in plants involves vegetative means, which allows plants to reproduce without the need for seeds or pollination. In this process, a new plant can grow from parts of a parent plant, such as roots, stems, or leaves. Techniques such as runners (stolen), tubers, rhizomes, and cuttings are common examples of asexual reproduction. This method can lead to rapid population increases and ensures that the offspring are genetically identical to the parent, maintaining desirable traits.

Seed germination, which is mentioned in the first option, is a part of sexual reproduction and relies on pollination and fertilization processes. The third option refers to the requirement of pollination, which is essential for sexual reproduction but not for asexual methods. The last option incorrectly emphasizes a seasonal limitation, whereas asexual reproduction can occur throughout the growing season, depending on the species and environmental conditions.