What defines a wetland?

A wetland is defined as an area of land that is periodically flooded, which is critical for the development of unique ecosystems. Wetlands serve as transitional zones between terrestrial and aquatic environments, and their defining characteristics include the presence of water, either at or near the surface, for varying durations. This saturation results in specific soil types, hydric soils, and vegetation that are adapted to wet conditions, including various types of grasses, shrubs, and trees.

The periodic flooding plays a vital role in supporting diverse wildlife habitats, improving water quality, and offering flood control. These qualities distinguish wetlands from permanently dry areas, urbanized locales with little vegetation, or spaces that are exclusively used for agricultural purposes. Each of those other scenarios lacks the essential characteristics of moisture, biodiversity, and ecosystem functions that define a wetland.